Tipularia
(pronounced: tip-yew-LAYR-ee-ah)
Classification
Calypsoeae
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Overview
Terrestrials with fleshy, segmented, subterranean, tuberous rhizomes. Leaves solitary, petiolate. Inflorescences erect, scapose racemes. Flowers numerous, nodding. Sepals and petals free, spreading, subsimilar, subequal. Lip three-lobed, sessile, with an elongate spur. Column short, the anther terminal; pollinia 2.
Etymology
From Tipula, a genus of insects in the group that includes the crane-flies. Originally from the Latin tippula, meaning water-spider.
Distribution
A genus of three species with one species in the Himalayas (T. josephi Lindley), one species in Japan (T. japonica Lindley), and one species in the eastern U.S.A.
Care and Culture Card
See basic growing conditions and care information below.
Grow plants of Tipularia in small pots with rich terrestrial mixture. Provide medium light levels and regular watering throughout the year. Tipularias require chilling during the winter months in a cold fram or alpine greenhouse. The solitary leaf is produced at the beginning of winter and withers the following spring.
Literature
Snow, A. A. and D. F. Whigham 1989. Costs of flower and fruit production in Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae). Ecology 70:1286-1293. Stoutamire, W. 1978. Pollination of Tipularia discolor, an orchid with modified symmetry. Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 47(5):413-415. Tissue, D. T., J. B. Skillman, E. P. McDonald and B. R. Strain 1995. Photosynthesis and carbon allocation in Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae), a wintergreen understory herb. Amer. J. Bot. 82:1249-1256. Whigham, D. F. 1984. Biomass and nutrient allocation of Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae). Oikos 42:303-313. Whigham, D. F. and M. McWethy 1980. Studies on the pollination ecology of Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 67(4):550-555. Zimmerman, J. K. and D. F. Whigham 1992. Ecological functions of carbohydrates stored in corms of Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae). Functional Ecol. 6:575-581.
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